Pediatric ophthalmology focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of a variety of eye conditions in newborns, children, and adolescents. This specialized field addresses both congenital and acquired eye problems to ensure optimal visual development and prevent long-term complications.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant condition managed by pediatric ophthalmologists. This disorder, primarily affecting premature infants, occurs due to abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina and can lead to vision loss if untreated. Timely screening and interventions, such as laser therapy or anti-VEGF injections, are crucial for preserving vision.

Congenital conditions, including colobomas (structural eye defects) and other malformations, are also carefully evaluated and managed to support visual function and development. Pediatric ophthalmologists work closely with families to address these complex conditions using both surgical and non-surgical approaches.

Eye trauma and infections are other common issues requiring prompt care. Injuries to the eye, if not treated quickly, can lead to permanent damage, while infections like conjunctivitis or keratitis need immediate attention to prevent complications.

Refractive errors, such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism, are frequently identified in school-aged children. Early diagnosis and correction using glasses, contact lenses, or other treatments help prevent amblyopia (lazy eye) and ensure proper visual development. Squints (strabismus), another common condition, are managed through therapies, glasses, or surgical correction to improve eye alignment and binocular vision.

By utilizing advanced diagnostic tools and treatments, pediatric ophthalmologists ensure comprehensive eye care tailored to the needs of young patients. Their expertise plays a critical role in safeguarding children’s vision, enabling them to achieve their full potential in daily activities, learning, and overall development.